Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms that occur when the electrical impulses that coordinate heartbeats don’t function properly. This can result in the heart beating too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or irregularly. Arrhythmias can range from harmless to life-threatening, depending on their type and severity.
Common types of arrhythmias include atrial fibrillation, where the heart’s upper chambers (atria) beat irregularly and rapidly; ventricular tachycardia, a fast, regular beating of the heart’s lower chambers (ventricles); and bradyarrhythmias, slow heart rhythms that can affect the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively.
Symptoms of arrhythmias can vary widely and may include palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting. Some arrhythmias may not cause noticeable symptoms but can still pose serious health risks, such as an increased risk of stroke or heart failure.
Diagnosis involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and tests such as electrocardiograms (ECG), Holter monitors, and electrophysiological studies to identify the type and cause of the arrhythmia. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the arrhythmia and may include lifestyle changes, medications like antiarrhythmics or beta-blockers, and procedures such as catheter ablation or the implantation of devices like pacemakers or defibrillators.
Managing arrhythmias effectively requires a tailored approach that addresses the underlying cause, controls symptoms, and reduces the risk of complications, improving overall heart health and patient quality of life.
